Maimonides

The ultimate goal of man is to achieve intellectual perfection.

The world is not eternal, but was created ex nihilo.

One should see the world, and see himself as a scale with an equal balance of good and evil. When he does one good deed, the scale is tipped to the good—he and the world are saved.

One who is slow to anger is better than the mighty, and one who rules his spirit than one who conquers a city.

The purpose of the Law is to remove injustice and to establish equity.

Anyone who attributes corporeality to the divinity is a heretic who has no share in the world to come.

The following have no share in the world to come, but are cut off, and perish, and receive their punishment for all time for their great sin: the minim, the apiḳoresim, they that deny the belief in the Torah, they that deny the belief in resurrection of the dead and in the coming of the Redeemer, the apostates, they that lead many to sin, they that turn away from the ways of the [Jewish] community...

The following three classes are called 'apiḳoresim': (1) he who says there was no prophecy nor was there any wisdom that came from God and which was attained by the heart of man; (2) he who denies the prophetic power of Moses our master; (3) he who says that God has no knowledge concerning the doings of men.

He who casts off the yoke [of the Law], and he who severs the Abrahamic covenant; he who interprets the Torah against the halakic tradition, and he who pronounces in full the Ineffable Name—all these have no share in the world to come.

if the woman claims she cannot live with her husband and have intimate relations with him because he is disgusting or loathsome to her, her claim is accepted without question and a divorce is immediately granted, although she loses the money of her ketubbah.

Maimonides goes so far as to say that the get is still valid even if the court must force him with lashes until he says he is prepared to give the get.

any man who believes in the truth of wizardry is a fool, lacking in understanding, and is in the same class as women and children, whose intellects are incomplete.

women may not be appointed to any type of public leadership position in the Jewish community.

A person should study the written Torah first, and then read this [book], and thereby know the entire oral Torah, so that he will not need to read any other book in between them.

As for Gentiles with whom we are not at war… their death must not be caused, but it is forbidden to save them if they are at the point of death; if, for example, one of them is seen falling into the sea, he should not be rescued, for it is written: 'neither shalt thou stand against the blood of thy fellow'–but [a Gentile] is not thy fellow.

their [the Turks and the blacks] nature is like the nature of mute animals, and according to my opinion they are not on the level of human beings.

Every attribute that is found in the books of the deity, may He be exalted, is therefore an attribute of His action and not an attribute of His essence.